A label indicating the "RESTRICTED RATING" classification. Viewers under the age of 17 who are not accompanied by an adult family member will not be admitted to the theater screening a film in this category.

2) To position a frame in the camera, on the editing table, or in the projector’s window. 3) A brief command given by the cinematographer to the camera operator to focus the camera on a predetermined point.

To ensure the subject remains in focus at all times, continuously adjust the lens’s focus during filming.

This is an in-camera technique in which the camera moves between focal planes during a shot. The focus can typically shift from one object to another or vice versa.

In early film cameras, a mechanism that pulled the slide—with the film on it—to the side, bringing a frosted glass panel behind the lens. The camera operator would monitor the test shots through the image on this frosted glass. In today’s modern cameras, it is possible to monitor the shot through the lens.

1) Tall stands on which lamps used for overhead lighting on set are mounted. 2) Sliding dolly tracks.

To create a rain effect on a set (indoors or outdoors), hoses, perforated pipes, and sprinklers are used. There are various systems. The most common is the standard rain system. It consists of a large sprayer attached to a movable pole approximately 10 meters long. To make it more realistic, the entire area is pre-wet to create puddles, and a glossy substance is applied to the ground and exterior walls to give them a wet appearance.

1) An inclined platform set up to ensure that a dolly can move smoothly while tracking actors walking on an uneven surface. 2) A device used to allow a stunt double’s vehicle to jump over another vehicle.

Rank - A well-respected and widely used brand of telecine machine. The term is often interchangeable with "telecine," much like "Steenbeck" is used instead of "flatbed."

The brand name of the machine known as a "telesine," which is used to transfer a film to video tape.

A fixed price paid or charged for your goods or services.

The Motion Picture Association of America’s system for classifying motion pictures based on audience suitability. The rating categories are as follows: G (General Audience) Unrestricted; suitable for all audiences. PG (Parental Guidance Suggested): Parental guidance is recommended. PG-13: Parental guidance is required for children under 13. R (Restricted): Restricted. Parental guidance is required for those under 17. X: Not suitable for anyone under 21. The MPAA also classifies movie trailers. There are two categories: General and Restricted. A Restricted trailer may only be shown with an R- or X-rated film.

See also: Aspect Ratio, Shooting Ratio

Unexposured and unprocessed film.

To change the appearance of a set. See DRESS.

2) Combining multiple audio channels during the final mix.

The sound engineer responsible for the final mix, in which all dialogue, music, and sound effect tracks are combined and their volume levels are balanced after they have been prepared.

Redistribution

The reshooting of a scene that was previously filmed but was deemed unsatisfactory for any reason.

To rearrange a set for a new sequence (SEQUENCE) or a new production.

See Revision.

A close-up of a person reacting to something said or done in the previous shot or outside the frame.

1) To measure with a light meter. 2) To visually determine whether an object on set will be visible on screen. (Is that sign too small to read on film?) 3) If used for a scene in the screenplay, it indicates that the scene should be performed in a gentle, easy-to-understand manner. 4) To put people through a sort of audition by having them read short passages during the casting process.

A member of the story department responsible for reading project materials submitted to a studio or production company, summarizing them, and writing their own opinions.

1) A measure of the current light level. 2) Table read. 3) The spoken portion of a scene. (I liked the reading in take 3 the best)

A situation in which the time span of a story is equal to the film’s running time. Unlike cinematic time, this is a situation in which time can be slowed down or sped up depending on the needs of the story.

The French equivalent of the word “director.” See METTEUR-EN-SCÈNE.

A filmmaking style that aims to present a film as realistically as possible. This effect is further enhanced by deep-focus shots and long, uninterrupted takes. This style is in contrast to Expressionism. See also: Cinéma Vérité.

Unlike projection from the front of the screen, this involves projecting onto a light-transmitting screen from the back. This system is very rarely used in movie theaters. Its primary use is during production. It is easier to shoot a scene with an exterior background in a studio, such as a shot showing two people in a moving car. Through the car’s windows, we see passing scenery such as roads, buildings, and trees. In the studio, the actors play their roles inside the car in front of a special screen onto which this background is projected. The projected background is either selected from stock footage or shot by a second unit. This type of shot is called a process shot. If the shot covers a very wide area, a more complex technique called a matte shot (or traveling matte) is used.

Recans - A film that has been loaded into a magazine but has not been shot at all (or only partially, as in the case of “Shortend”), and is then reloaded into the film canister. Essentially, it is an opened but unused roll of film.

A slang term meaning “discovery.” (Commonly used in the European film and TV industry)

Recording

Sound Engineer, Sound Technician

The repayment of an investor’s money.

A film project that had previously been given the green light is now known to have been canceled, either temporarily or permanently. It is also known as a shelved film.

Close-up

Reel, Section

Reflected Light

Reflector, Reflector

Reflector Board or Reflector Card – Also known as a Bounce Card.

Reflex Camera

Registration - Registration refers to how well one frame aligns with the next. A camera shot with poor registration will produce an image that appears to wobble slightly when projected. Projectors can also have good or poor registration (it can sometimes be difficult to tell which camera was used). Good registration is important for certain special effects shots where the images gently sway in unison, as misalignment could draw unwanted attention.

Registration Pin - A pin located within the mechanism of certain cameras, such as Arriflex and Eclair, that stabilizes the image during exposure.

Contrgrif

2) To release (an actor whose daily work is complete). 3) To terminate a contract (to fire someone). 4) (Press) A press release or news story issued by the public relations department. 5) A document in which a person featured in a film grants the production company permission to use their image in the film.

The master negative to be used in the printing of release prints.

Distribution Copy

Remake

This is a technique performed using one light and a reflector, or two separate lights. It is typically characterized by a triangle under the eye in the less-illuminated area of the face.

2) To pre-record a music track to be included in the film’s soundtrack and play it during filming to ensure that the actors dance or act in accordance with the music.

Report

A note written on the call sheet to indicate that crew members will be working at the studio or on location (LOCAL LOCATION) and that their shifts will begin the moment they arrive on set.

This refers to funds set aside by the producer to be used when additional or reshoots are needed to complete the film. These reshoots typically take place after test screenings or when studio executives provide feedback.

An additional fee paid to actors, directors, etc., in accordance with the union contract, corresponding to a writer’s royalty fee.

1) The amount of detail a lens can capture in an image. 2) The amount of detail a photosensitive element can detect.

Resolver - A device that regulates the speed of a tape recorder while sound is being transferred to the tape; it ensures that the sound is synchronized with the image. The resolver uses the pilot tone as a reference to adjust playback speed; therefore, a recording can only be played back if it was recorded on a tape recorder equipped with a resolver. The Nagra IV has a built-in resolver.

Wrinkling that forms on the gelatin layer of the developed film due to sudden temperature changes in the bath or the effects of chemicals, resembling lines and wrinkles on human skin.

A shot that reveals something not yet seen by fading in from darkness or pulling back with the camera.

Reversal - A type of film and processing method that produces a positive original. This can be thought of as the equivalent of slide film and its processing in photography.

A duplicate positive made from a positive. See DUPE.

Film that produces a direct positive image after being exposed and developed.

A technique that shows movements in a film in reverse. It is used as a special effect (SPECIAL EFFECT) or for comedic effect.

This is a shot taken from the opposite side of the subject, offering a different perspective. It is typically used in dialogue scenes and can be combined with an over-the-shoulder shot.

Opposite Angle

A camera trick created by running the film backward either inside the camera or during optical printing. It is also known as reverse motion.

A shot in which the left-right orientation is reversed during printing, so that the image appears inverted, as if reflected in a mirror.

Reverse Shot - A shot taken from the opposite side of the previous shot (preferably on the same side of the 180° line) — such as when two characters are talking, one person exits and re-enters through a door, a reaction shot, or a P.O.V. shot.

Revision

A film festival or movie theater dedicated to screening films of a specific genre. This typically includes old films, foreign films, silent films, classics, or rarely seen gems.

To wrap

Anrülöz

Rewinds - A simple device used to rewind film; it consists of a handle and a shaft for mounting one or more reels, and is typically located on both sides of an editing table.

See: Shotgun Mike.

A spot lamp that produces a long, narrow beam.

A member of the production crew on a film set who hangs, sets up, and focuses all the lighting equipment.

Crew members responsible for setting up scaffolding and bridges on a set and placing lights on them.

Hanging lights on bridges and scaffolding in the studio before filming.

Scaffold, Bridge

Light that creates a halo effect when positioned behind the subject.

A stepped platform used to elevate actors, props, etc.

See: Wind Machine.

Rivas - A type of tape splicer that uses perforated adhesive tape. There are two models available: one for straight cuts used in video and one for angled cuts used in audio.

A road movie is a film that typically contains controversial content but often appears to be an educational or medical film; it is heavily promoted and shown throughout the United States. They had to leave quickly to escape the authorities.

Role

Reel

A warning shouted by the first assistant director to indicate that a take is about to begin. It serves as the cue for the camera and sound recording to start. When the sound recorder reaches full speed, the sound engineer calls out “Speed”; when the camera starts rolling, the camera assistant calls out “Rolling.” Only then does the director give the “ACTION!” command.

Reel Number

Running Text

Room Sound

A list showing members of various associations and unions who are ready to start work.

Practical, Elevation

Rotoscoping is a technique in which live-action footage is viewed frame by frame by animators. This can be done automatically or manually. *A Scanner Darkly* was filmed using rotoscoping technology.

Rough Cut

Royalty Fee

The actor rehearsing and memorizing their lines before filming.

A shot in which a moving car (or other vehicle) passes in front of a stationary camera.

Unlike daily and weekly contracts, this is a contractual term indicating that a person (usually an actor) is hired for a specific period (the entire production period) at a fixed fee—regardless of how many days they actually work during that period.

A rehearsal of a scene involving the actors and the camera.

2) A production assistant (PRODUCTION ASSISTANT) who runs errands for the producer, director, and production manager.

A shot taken with a camera that moves while tracking a moving person or object. See TRACKING SHOT, DOLLY SHOT, TRAVELING SHOT.

Transition Speed

Running Time

A copy of the camera footage from a day’s shoot. It is typically shown without any editing or corrections. The director will review it before shooting the next day.

See: Dailies.